Difference between revisions of "PYL"

Revision as of 18:02, 3 September 2012

1 Support for specific issues
2 Support for specific thematic areas of a problem type
3 Capability to support decision making phases
4 Typical spatial extent of application
5 Forest data input
6 Type of information input from user (via GUI)
7 Models
- 7.1 Forest models
- 7.2 Social models
8 Decision Support
9 Output
10 System
11 References
- 11.1 External resources

Support for specific issues

Support for specific thematic areas of a problem type

Silvicultural (conversion / afforestation: relative benefit of alternative forest ecosystem types on landscape level)
Conservation (ecosystem services)
Development choices / land use zoning (alternative land-cover / land-use scenarios)
Policy/intervention alternatives (impact of regional / municipal planning measures, support within participatory planning processes)
Sustainability impact assessment (SIA)(impact on ecosystem services)

Capability to support decision making phases

(Click here to see a more detailed explanation)

Intelligence phase: PYL helps to assess the impact and relative benefit of alternative management and planning decisions on regionally important ecosystem services. The problem identification is given within the frame of regional (rural) development, where alternative scenarios have to be evaluated and relevant evaluation information has to be collected and aggregated first. A decision objective is defined within the planning process normally in a hierarchical order from development targets on national / state level (within the frame of political settings), local and regional development targets as "translation" of the global planning objectives and local objectives defined by the participating planning actors (regional planners, municipalities, administrations and NGO´s). Evaluation criteria are defined within the process of identifying and prioritzing regionally important ecosystem services and the underlying indicator and criteria sets to be used for the evaluation.

Design phase: PYL supports the fast assessment of alternative planning scenarios, which can be designed directly at the user interface or can be imported as geo-referenced layers (parameter setting). PYL does not give advice, which alternative to choose, but provides information on their impact on the ecosystem services compared to the starting situation and supports also to simulate e.g. the impact of alternative CC scenarios or landownership models(can be imported as GIS layers).

Choice phase

PYL supports the screening of alternative scenarios, but not the final decision, which scenario to choose, as it is designed for participatory planning processes in regional (spatial) planning, where decisions are always made in the course of a more or less public consultation process and preferences on ecosystem services might change within such a process.

Monitor phase (also called review or implementation)

The finally prefered land-cover / land-use scenario alternative(s) can be exported as shape or text file and is(are) then included as GIS file in the digital and printed planning materials on regional level (regional plan - map material).

Typical spatial extent of application

Regional / landscape scale; maximum resolution (cells) 100*100m² (CLC 2000/2006) or 25*25 m² (Euromap).

Category:DSS_by_spatial_level

Forest data input

digital land-cover maps with (if possible) embedded forest inventory information on stand types; for planning scenarios digital maps with development targets for the stands (future stand type). Data provenance: CLC 2000/2006 + forest inventory (if available). The system uses exclusively raster data (georeferenced) and - besides land-cover data - any available GIS data, which give information on important environmental / socio-economical parameters (cell attributes), which should be integrated in the evaluation. The data handling is supported by a routine called "OSM-to-Pimp", where a data container is automatically generated on the basis of Open-Street-Map (OSM) for infrastructural data, the selected land-cover data and all other available (geo-referenced) data, which can be selected within the data-packing routine. For the evaluation, information on indicators and criteria to assess the impact of land-use changes on ecosystem services is needed. This can be based on literature / published data, monitoring data / data bases, statistical data and can (should often) be completed by expert knowledge to fill data gaps considering not well described land-cover classes or land-management practices.

Type of information input from user (via GUI)

Models

Forest models

Models are not directly coupled with this simulator, but their outputs are used as evaluation basis / or an embedded modelling approach can be used.

Category:Forest_and_ecosystem_models

Social models

Ecosystem services concept

Decision Support

Definition of management interventions

Scenario simulation of what happens if (a) a forest ecosystem type is converted into another, or (b) afforestation is done, or (c) a forest is divided by a high-way. Other possibility: simulation what happens to existent forests under Climate Change / changing socio-economical conditions and how to compensate this. Temporal processes (forest growth) are reflected by time slots, which can be defined by the user.

Typical temporal scale of application

Strategic level

Types of decisions supported

- strategic decisions
- administrative decisions
- organizing decisions
- command decisions
- coordination decisions
decision making situation
- collegial
- Bargaining / participative decision making

Decision-making processes and models

Category:DSS_Decision_support_approaches

Other: Visualization / Feed-Back

Output

Types of outputs

GUI: Feed-Back by star-diagramm (changes) Export: Maps (shape, text); PDF-Files with result (pre-structured results-report)

Spatial analysis capabilities

integrated capabilities: integration of GIS / cellular automaton / evaluation basis
provides standard data import/export formats: standardized interface to GIS export / import
allows spatial analysis: multi layering of different maps, selection of objects based on selection criteria, aggregation by attributes (e.g. areas of similar characteristics, analysis with digital terrain model and other parameters (landscape metrics, erosion risks, in future: drought risks)

Abilities to address interdisciplinary, multi-scaled, and political issues

Evaluate interactions between different basic information types (biophysical, economic, social). Produce coordinated results for decision makers operating at landscape scale to facilitate social negotiation and learning

System

System requirements

Operating Systems: Web-based;
Other software needed: not necessarily, but to make full use of all functions, OSM-to-Pimp and a GIS would be helpful
Development status: current version supports impact assessment, development version includes also risk assessment and landscape metrics. Free version for environmental education at school level available under www.letsmap.de.

Architecture and major DSS components

Object oriented programming approach in PhP using Oracle as data-base application, which can be used web-based or also installed as stand-alone solution on a server (support of master and slave approach) or the PC. The software is not Open Source.

Usage

Research level use: Use in the frame of several research projects Administrative use: support initial estimate of planning measures on regional level (regional planning authorities)

Computational limitations

So far not known, but in the case of large project regions, the up-loading of new scenarios in the web-application might cause problems when using firefox.

User interface

The GUI is highly interactive and supports the user by simple symbols and - when initiating the system - with a number of facilitated routines. There is no special programming knowledge necessary, but the user should be a professional in planning to understand the right use of the system. The following graphs illustrate a typical usage scenario.

Documentation and support

Some automatical features (help) are yet included, the manual is currently in development. Support is provided directly by the developers (training courses and technical support).

Installation

Prerequisite knowledge: None (web-based, installation-CD)
Cost: on demand
Demo: in development

References

Fürst, C., König, H., Pietzsch, K., Ende, H.P., Makeschin, F. (2010): Pimp your landscape - a generic approach for integrating regional stakeholder needs into land use scenario design and sustainable management support, Ecology and Society 15(3): 34. URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss3/art34/

Fürst, C., Vacik, H., Lorz, C., Potocic, N., Krajter, S., Vuletic, D., Makeschin, F. (in print): How to support forest management in a world of change? Results of some regional studies, Environmental Management.

Fürst, C., Volk, M., Makeschin, F. (in print): Squaring the circle - how to combine models, indicators, experts and end-users for integrated land-use management support?, editorial / leading paper, Environmental Management.

Fürst, C., Volk, M., Pietzsch, K., Makeschin, F. (in print): Pimp your landscape! A tool for qualitative evaluation of the effects of regional planning measures on ecosystem ser-vices, Environmental Management

Fürst, C., Nepveu, G., Pietzsch, K., Makeschin, F. (2009): Comment intégrer des considé-rations multicritères dans la gestion d'un territoire ? "Pimp your landscape" - un essai de planification interactive pour satisfaire les besoins des utilisateurs, Revue forestière française 1-2009, p. 21-35.

Fürst, C., C. Davidsson, K. Pietzsch, M. Abiy, F. Makeschin, C. Lorz, and M. Volk (2008.):“Pimp your landscape” – interactive land-use planning support tool. Transac-tions on the Built Environment (ISSN 1743-3509). Geoenvironment and Landscape Evolution III, p. 219-232.

External resources

see: www.pimpyourlandscape.com/pyls/index.html (professional version) and www.letsmap.de (environmental education version, for free)

@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 [[File:Evaluation.jpg]]
 }}
 {{DSS description, Installation and support
@@ Line 63: / Line 62: @@
 |Data mining=N/A
 |Additional information=The cellular automaton technique supports the integration of existing knowledge on the mutual impact of neighbouring land-use types and the definition of rules describing the impact of (actual and future) environmental and social parameters on (i) on ability of a land-use type or management practice to contribute to the provision of ecosystem services and (ii) on the probability of a transformation of a land-use type into another.
+The GUI allows the user to define and select first the set of land-cover classes / land-use classes, which should be considered within the decision process;
+In a next step the ecosystem services set has to be defined; the resulting value matrix has to be filled with values describing the relative impact of each land-cover class / land-use type on the ecosystem services on a scale from 0 (worst case) to 100 (best case). The basis of these values is normally worked out on regional level in a moderated process together with the land-users.
+[[File:Matrix.jpg]]
+In a next step, the mutual impact of land-cover classes / land-use types on their ability to contribute to the provision of ecosystem services and the respective impact of environmental and socio-economical parameters has to be specified.
+[[File:proximity.jpg]]
+Then, rules have to be set up, which define the parameters (cell attributes, proximities), which restrict land-cover / land-use changes.
+[[File:planning restrictions.jpg]]
+If all these information are provided, the user can start the simulation of land-cover / land-use changes / scenarios of constructing infrastructural elements.
+[[File:scenario tools.jpg]]
 For the data input the following input layer are required:
 land-cover / land-use: Corine Landcover 2000/2006; Europmap
@@ Line 94: / Line 110: @@
 }}
 {{DSS description, System design and development
 |Additional information=The software development was accompanied by extensive user requirements analysis and several test series.
 }}
 {{DSS description, Technological architecture, integration with other systems
 |System type=client-server (web)
 |Scalability=No
 |Related tools=Cooperation with MANUELA - a grid-based system to assess the ecological impact of agricultural management practices. So far no Web-presentation available.
 }}
 {{DSS description, Ongoing development
@@ Line 108: / Line 124: @@
 |Technical documentation=No
 }}
 === Support for specific issues  ===
@@ Line 154: / Line 169: @@
 === Type of information input from user (via GUI) ===
-The GUI allows the user to define and select first the set of land-cover classes / land-use classes, which should be considered within the decision process;
-In a next step the ecosystem services set has to be defined; the resulting value matrix has to be filled with values describing the relative impact of each land-cover class / land-use type on the ecosystem services on a scale from 0 (worst case) to 100 (best case). The basis of these values is normally worked out on regional level in a moderated process together with the land-users.
-[[File:Matrix.jpg]]
-In a next step, the mutual impact of land-cover classes / land-use types on their ability to contribute to the provision of ecosystem services and the respective impact of environmental and socio-economical parameters has to be specified.
-[[File:proximity.jpg]]
-Then, rules have to be set up, which define the parameters (cell attributes, proximities), which restrict land-cover / land-use changes.
-[[File:planning restrictions.jpg]]
-If all these information are provided, the user can start the simulation of land-cover / land-use changes / scenarios of constructing infrastructural elements.
-[[File:scenario tools.jpg]]